The differential clearly appears when the two branches of industry -unorganised and organised, are analysed. While the unorganised cottage industries of towns and villages in the twentieth century were declining and disintegrating, the organised industries were showing a slow and unequal growth. In some sectors there was progress, but as a whole the growth was lop-sided and the economy did not advance as a comprehensive organic activity. Some industries depending on primary agricultural products were established by the end of the nineteenth century, but the basic industries of iron, steel and coal lagged behind and consequently one of the essential conditions for an industrial revolution was held up in India.
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