Ancient Indians divided knowledge or learning into four branches namely anviksiki, trayi, varta and dandaniti i.e., philosophy, religion, economics and polity. The word varta represents vrtti or the means of livelihood, but was particularly employed to denote the vrtti allotted to the Vaisyas. Varta also meant the science that had varta as its subject of study which is devoted to the study and management of conditions of material life. This was even before the days of Kautilya. Aim of this book is to provide to our readers authoritative material on the subject. The volume has been mainly designed to meet the needs of the students. All those appearing for graduate, post-graduate and competitive examinations will find the book indispensable for them.
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