Lower Nonchordata

This is an indispensable text meeting complete requirements of students of Zoology. It has been designed to approach the morphology, anatomy, physiology and development of selected type in a very simple and lucid style. According to the scheme of treatment the important animal types of each phylum have been dealt with first, and efforts have been made to present their elaborate and up-to date account. In the description of animal types special emphasis has been laid on the functioning of organs. General characters and classification and brief description of other important types of phylum have also been dealt with complete authentic and up-to date account. Separate chapters on topics of significance and general interest pertaining to the phylum have been also added to make the treatment more elaborate. Adaptations of animal type have been discussed in detail to reveal their relation with the environment.