This study is based upon field research conducted in Hanol, a Jaunsari village in the Western Himalayan region of India. The daily puja ceremonies in Hanol are central to the social spiritual life the community; ritual drumming is a central component of this ceremony. During the ceremony, the Bajgis, hereditary musicians, perform a series, of talas (rhythmic cycles) that bring the spirit of the deity into oracles known as bakis or malis. The temporally and ...