By the 10 century the Tuirks began invading India, bringing Islam to India. The Ghaznavis, a dynasty from eastern Afghanistan, began a series of raids into northwestern India at the end of the 10century. Mahmud of Ghazni the most notable ruler of this dynasty raided as far as present day Uttar Pradesh. Mahmud did not attempt to rule Indian Territory except for the Punjab area, which he annexed before his death in 1030. In 1175 one of the successors to Mahmud’s empire, Muhammad of Ghur (Muhammad Ghori), began his conquest of Northern India. Within 20 years he had conquered all of North India, including the Bengal Region. After the defeat of Prithviraj Chauhan in the second battle of Tarain in A.D. 1192 the Muslim rule (also known as Turkish rule) in India got firmly established for the first time. After the defeat of Prithviraj Chauhan. Jaichandra, who had helped Ghori, was expecting a reward from Ghori, instead Ghori attacked Kanauj and defeated and killed Jaichandra. With this Ghori got the control of the territory extending right from Afghanistan to the Ganga Yamuna doab upto Varanasi. Muhammad Ghori was murdered in A.D. 1206. After this his Indian positions came under control of one of his generals, Qutbuddin Aibak. This wide ranging book offers a succinct and engaging narrative of the history of the Indian subcontinent, tracing the development of its society, culture and polity.
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