Fortified Cities in Ancient India

The present book is a study of those cities of ancient India which were fortified. Many cities emerged in the past in Gangetic valley and Ottver parts of the country as the Aryans passed through various stages of development. These cities emerged against rural setting and all were not fortified at the beginning. But as threats to their existence began, they were fortified and equipped with one or two ramparts, ditch and citadel. In remotest time the threat was local in nature which prompted the rulers to strengthen the defence of their newly emerged cities. The book contains stories of several ancient cities and describes various aspect of them together with their present condition. The description is presented in simple language remaining aloof from the controversy as to the factors which gave rise to the emergence of these cities. It is hoped that the reader and the students will stand benefited in catching a glimpse of their past heritage and culture.