From the late 1970s to the present, feminists in India have had to deal with spiraling violence against women and the alarming ramifications of its forms, as well as assess their strategies to combat it. This monograph reviews twenty-five years of protest and action by them in an attempt to take both our anlaysis and theories forward. It maps the trajectory of feminist organizing in India in the post-Emergency period, after 1977; the paths of legal reforms and the points at which they have intersected with, or resulted from, feminist campaigns; the texture of campaigns and the creativity with which women’s groups have fashioned and sustained difficult struggles against violence; the persistence of feminist interventions and the ways in which different groups have been able to tilt the balance in favour of women in perceptible ways; and the escalation of collective violence, increasingly by agents of the state, against women. Notwithstanding the diversity of formal political affiliations and theoretical analyses within the women’s movement, the last twenty-five years have seen the evolution of a minimum consensus that categorically rejects any rationalization of violence against women, even while recognizing its complexity.
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