India and Turkey: Past and Emerging Relations

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The Ottomans established one of the mightiest Muslim Empire. Despite the Mughal Empire in India, some Indian Rulers looked towards the Ottoman Sultan. The study examines the reasons which propelled Tipu Sultan and others to approach the Ottomans for help as also the British role at the Sublime Porte and Mughal Court. Despite Turkeyâ€™s defeat, division and abolition of Monarchy and Caliphate after the First World War, Indians (Muslims) launched the Khilafat movement to restore what Attaturk rejected. It dwells on why the Congress Party supported the Khilafat movement, despite Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehruâ€™s admiration for Attaturkâ€™s policy of secularism and modernization. Soon after Indiaâ€™s independence Nehru and Maulana Azad took steps to establish ties, but Turkey choose the West. Indiaâ€™s non-aligned policy and opposition to military alliances and a host of other issues, prevented Indo-Turkish ties from growing. The Cyprus issue, Turkeyâ€™s support to Pakistan on Kashmir and frequent military interventions in Turkish political system also dampened the atmosphere. This modest work makes an attempt to critically examine some of these issues in the Turkish foreign policy perspective impacting on its ties with India. The book describes in some detail the background of setback to Turkeyâ€™s efforts to join the EU, the Iran-Iraq war, Kurdish nationals, coupled with Turkeyâ€™s disenchantment with the US and mounting economic challenges, and Turgut Ozalâ€™s visit to India in 1986 which led to a major breakthrough in bilateral ties. The historic developments in 1991 linked to the end of cold war strongly motivated both the countries to work for closer relation. The book seeks to outline changes in foreign and economic policies of both the states since 1991 as also to critically analyze the political, strategic, cultural, economic and trade policies. The Cyprus issue, Arab-Israeli conflict, terrorism, Israel, OIC and Kashmir, Afghanistan, Iran-Iraq war, defense and cultural co-operation and many other issues have also been very briefly but objectively discussed in the book. This book has both historical relevance and contemporary significance and would be of particular interest to historians, political scientists, specialists as security and peace studies, policy makers and others interested in West Asian Developments

ABOUT THE AUTHOR A.K. Pasha

Professor Aftab Kamal Pasha teaches at Gulf Studies, Center for West Asian and African Studies, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. He has served as Chairperson and Director, Gulf Studies at the above Center. He has also served as First Secretary, (Culture) Embassy of India, and Director, Cairo, Egypt. He has published ten books on Egypt, Libya, Kuwait, Iran, Iraq, OIC, India and West Asia, and Political Participation in the Gulf States. He has Edited eight books on Iraq, Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait, Oman, Iran and GCC States, Gulf and India; and Co-Edited two books; on Iran and India; and the Islamic World. He has contributed research chapters to over thirty books edited by distinguished academicians, covering the West Asian and North African (WANA) region and India's Foreign Policy. His research articles have also been published in numerous reputed national and international journals and his articles on current WANA issues have appeared in many Indian and Gulf newspapers. He is a frequent commentator on WANA affairs for Radio and TV in India and abroad. He has traveled to over forty Universities in India and for Seminars/Conferences, teaching, talks at several Universities and research institutes. He has MA degrees in Political-Science and Middle Eastern Studies from Mysore has been conducting research and teaching at JNU since 1978.