Sino-Mongolian Relations: 1949-2004

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China being a civilizational state has had a foreign affairs agenda of its own. At times it was in tune with the rest of the Socialist bloc but most of the time if followed an independent line. Political dominance of the Soviet Union over Mongolia was not acceptable to China which had exercised suzerain rights over Mongolia for more than a country. The situation became worse after the Sino-Soviet schism and Mongolia toeing the Soviet line. Mongolia tried to play china against the Soviet Union and vice-versa to meet its security requirements and overcome its economic under-development and above all to maintain its distinct identity in the comity of nations. Traditionally being a center of both Pan-Buddhist and Pan-Mongol movements, it tried to maintain cultural togetherness with both the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region of China and the Buryat Soviet Socialist Republic of the Soviet Union. In the post-Mao period, the Sino-Soviet schism was perceived as a Moist fallacy and earnest attempts were made by the post-Mao genre of Chinese leaders to free foreign policy from Maoist agenda. This coupled with openness in the Soviet Union resulted in normalization of Sino-Soviet relations. How this contributed to normalization of relations between China and Mongolia and the subsequent emergence of Mongolia as a democratic state is brought out at length in this study. The last chapter also throws light on what can be the future prospects for relations between two neighbours China and Mongolia.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR Shakti Madhok

Dr. Shakti Madhok holds a doctorate on 'Sino-Mongolian Relations' from the Department of Chinese and Japanese Studies, now called Department of East Asian Studies, University of Delhi. Her M.Phil dissertation is on 'The Soviet Union and India's Territorial Claims in the Sino-Indian Border Dispute'. She has been a recipient of the UGC Junior Research Fellowship and has also acquired a working knowledge of the Chinese language. An Assistant Professor/Senior Lecturer in Bharati College, a constituent college of the University of Delhi, Dr. Madhok takes both under-graduate and post-graduate classes and guides research students of the University of Delhi. Dr. Madhok's research work is based on an inter-disciplinary study of politics and economy of China, Mongolia and the erstwhile Soviet Union. She has made an in-depth study of East Asia with special reference to China, which has emerged as a world power with a buoyant economy and Mongolia which has become a vibrant democracy in Central Asia. This has added to its relevance and importance for understanding the contemporary international scenario.