Text Book of Dravyaguna

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Dravyaguna is interpreted as clinical pharmacology since the most o the Ayurvedic drugs were initially evaluated only in human beings. Seers of Ayurveda have collected the information regarding the clinical usage of several herbs from cowherds, shepherds, tribals and other forest dwellers and they never felt the necessity of evaluating their activity in animals. Dravyaguna encompasses the information of all other allied fields of pharmacology like: Namarupa Vijnanam-Pharmacognosy (the science of identification of drugs).Gunakarma Vijnanam-Pharmacodynamics (mechanism of drugs action) & Pharmacokinetics (study of absorption, distribution, metabolims and excretion of drugs)Amayikaprayoga Vijnanam-Therapeutics (branch of medicine concerned with cure of disease or relief of symptoms).Kalpana Vijnanam-Pharmacy (science of selection, students of Ayurveda is to provide a rational basis for choosing or using drugs skillfully to relieve ailments of the patient population. The modern pharmacology is traditionally associated with the study of drugs in different animals like dogs, monkeys, cats, rabbits, rats etc. Whereas the clinical pharmacology involves the study of various aspects of drug action and metabolism in humans, both in health and disease. The ultimate aim of pharmacological studies in animals is to find out a therapeutic agent suitable for clinical evalutation in man. The animal models (cat, rat etc.) cannot act as an ideal model of human being. The drug has to be carefully evaluated in human being for its safety and efficacy before it is accepted for therapeutic use. Majority of the drugs that are currently used in modern medicine are synthetic where as the Ayurvedic therapeutics mainly employ plant-based medicines (oudbhija) along with metals & mineral (parthiva) and animal products (jagama drawya). Among the plant products, the important pharmacologically active principles (utkrishta guna-sampanna dravyamsha) are- (a) alkaloids (basic substances containing cyclic nitrogen) (b) glycosides (a combination of sugars with other organic structures) (c) glucosides (glycoside which yields glucose on acid hydrolysis) (d) oils (fixed or volatile) (e) resins (formed by oxidation of volatile) oils which are insoluble in water but soluble in alcohal) (f) gums (dispersible in water) (g) tannins (precipitate proteins from the cells and are non-nitrogenous).

ABOUT THE AUTHOR K Nishteswar

K. Nishteswar, currently working as a Professor at Govt. Ayurvedic College, Vijaywada has obtained his Postgraduate degree from Gujrat Aurveda University and Ph.D. form university of Pune. He also completed the Diploma In AIDS from IGNOU. He served as a Cinical Registrar (Gujrat Ayurveda University), Research Assistant (CCRAS) and completed 26 years of Govt. Service in field of teaching and received State Best Teacher Award from Govt. of Andhra Pradesh during 2001. He was awarded several Gold and silver medals in recognition of his merit and his theses on various topics like Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardio-vascular Disorders have won awards at the national Theses Competitions. He was conferred with D.Sc, and D.Litt. by International University of Complementary Medicines, Colombo for his contributions to the field of Alternative Medicines. He also delivered Keynote lectures and guest lectures in several National and International seminars. So far he has written more than 40 books in English, Hindi and Telugu on various subjects of Ayurveda and published approximately 80 papers in various standard journals. To popularize Ayurveda among lay people and bring in awareness about the indigenous system of India, he has written some books and also delivered series of Radio talks.