The History of Freedom Movement in India (1857-1947)

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The history of freedom movement in India narrates the inspiring story of dedication, sacrifice and commitment to higher values of life by not only the various prominent leaders but also millions of ordinary people who did not expect any thing in return for their sell-less service. This should be the main ethos of our national and political life in order to reinvigorate the political process in the country and to put an end to political, social and economic evils which have afflicted the system. India suffered from a series of foreign invasions due to lack of unity and national consciousness among the people and the absence of a strong central government. The degeneration and decadence of Indian civilisation which had started from the mediaeval period, reached its pinnacle particularly after the British conquest over India. All efforts were made by the British to denigrate and destroy the most prosperous and flourishing civilisation of India. They followed the policy of Divide and rule and most cunningly sowed the seeds of separatism, provincialism, castism, linguism and parochialism. While the rich and powerful elite sections of the people were pampered and protected, millions of poor and downtrodden people were mercilessly oppressed and exploited. This was the greatest hindrance to the unity of the people, which was an imperative necessity for fighting an effective battle of freedom. The organisation of the Indian National Congress in 1885 was historic in the sense that it fulfilled the fundamental requirement to promote unity and integrity among the people. Thus after long years of suffering, humiliation and exploitation in the hands of the alien rules, the Indians under the leadership of the Indian National Congress, exhibited undaunted courage, dogged perseverance, determination and unprecedented sacrifice in fighting against British imperialism and colonialism. An attempt has been made in this book to present in a simple and lucid style, the glorious history of freedom struggle in India. It is earnestly and sincerely hoped that in this 50th year of India’s independence, this small effort would go a long way in meeting the requirements of the students, teachers and all those who are interested to know about one of the most glorious chapters of our national history.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR Hari Hara Das

Prof. (Dr.) Hari Hara Das is an eminent and distinguished teacher of Political Science, who has made significant contributions to the enrichment of the discipline by the profundity of his thoughts and writings. He retired as a Professor of Political Science, Berhampur University, Orissa in 1998, but even after his superannuation, he is actively engaged in writing books and scholarly pursuits. About fifteen teachers and scholars have been awarded Ph.D. under his guidance and supervision. He had a distinguished academic career and was awarded the 'Merli Curtis Gold Medal' by the Lucknow University in 1960. He is a prominent Oriya Shortly Story writer and Novelist and has authored about twenty books. He is also a highly prolific writer in Political Science and his notable works are: India: Democratic Government and Politics, Indian Government and Politics, Political System of India, Analytical Study of Political Science, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, History of Freedom Movement in India, International Law and Comparative Politics. He has also co-authored several books, viz., Introduction to Political Sociology, Political Theory: Traditional and Modern Theory, Centre-State Relations in India and Parliamentary Privileges in India. He worked in the Max Planck Institute, Munich, Germany as a Visiting Professor. He worked in collaboration with Prof. Klaus Gottstein, the Director of the Institute and prepared a Research Report o 'Science and Technology in Developing Societies'. He had the opportunity to visit several universities in Germany an the USA and delivered lectures and participated in various deliberations and seminars.