The dairy cow is a converter of feeds, which are in the main and out of necessity produced right on the farm. These considerable masses of coarse fodder, which make up the basic diet can only be grown near the livestock production area, and generally costs les per unit than commercial feed. Grasslands have always been prime, potential fodder growing areas for dairy production.
Dairy cow production is a natural choice in areas where soil and climate allow grass cover to thrive year round or at least long enough to ensure partial coverage of fodder requirements. Fodder conservation techniques are of considerable importance in producing surpluses to be kept and distributed at intervals over considerable periods of time. Going for intensive dairy production systems in most cases means setting aside a permanent grasslands area as the basic source of coarse fodder, at the same time improving grasslands productivity and adding new fodder crops. Even at highly intensive levels of dairy production improved milk performance not only requires feed supplements in the form of concentrates, but also increased fodder production.
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