Geopolitics is concerned with how geographical factors, including territory, population, strategic location, and natural resource endowments, as modified by economics and technology, affect the relations between states and the struggle for world domination. Classical geopolitics was a manifestation of inter-imperialist rivalry and emerged around the time of the Spanish American war and the Boer war. It constituted the core ideology of U.S. overseas expansion articulated in Alfred Thayer Mahans influence of sea power upon history (1890). Frederick Jackson Turners The Frontier in American History (1893), and Brooks Adamss The New Empire (1902) as well as in Theodore Roosevelts rough-rider policies. The term geopolitics itself was coined in 1899 by the Swedish political scientist Rudolf KjelUn, after which it quickly emerged as a systematic area of study.
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