Some Muslims no doubt came from abroad as conquerors and soldiers. Some scholars or at the invitation of Indian sultans or as refugees. Arabs, Abyssinians. Egyptians, Persians and transoxionians, all find mention as having come to India to seek refuge or fortune. But the majority of Muslims are converts from Hinduism. One has, therefore, to collect facts and figures contained in stray references of medieval writers, especially Persian chroniclers, to make a conversion-cum-immigration survey to e able to estimate the growth of Muslim population.
On a study in depth on the growth of Muslim population, one is struck by the fact that as against the zig-zag pattern of rise and fall of the overall population in the medieval period, Muslim population shows only a constant rise. Another is that is spite of centuries of exertion in the field of proselytization, Indian has been converted only but partially.
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