In the beginning of the human civilisation and prior to the emergence of states, the scope of international relations was too narrow but its scope since the later half of the nineteenth century has been very widened because the states felt it necessary to maintain international relations among themselves on the principle of "Live and let live", which is absolutely necessary for the purpose of international peace and understanding. With the development of means of communications growth of international trade and commerce and advent of science and technology, the nations were found coming together more closely than they were expected in pre-war periods. Other nations of the world were compelled by these powers to realise the fact that the war is not the effective means or solution of clash of interest and they came to realize that if they become able to maintain good and friendly relations among themselves, there would be perpetual peace in the international community and under peaceful situations only they can make progress within their municipal societies adhering to the principle of peaceful co-existence.
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