Most major classes of the Earth’s organisms are primarily or exclusively marine, so the oceans represent a source of unique genetic information. Even-though the oceans offer abundant resources for research and development, the potential of this domain as the basis for new biotechnologies remains largely unexplored has been growing in the recent years, and recent developments in molecular biology promise fundamentally new approaches and opportunities for identifying, using, and managing biological resources from the seas and other bodies of water. This publication provides an overview of recent biotechnology applications in marine science and aquaculture and identifies research priorities and specific opportunities that offer potential for significant advances. It emphasizes development of salt-water resources but includes biotechnology applications involving fresh water, including thermal springs.
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