This is an urban age. Today more than half the world’s population is living in the cities, as cities are origins of growth. India too has witnessed rapid urbanization. India’s population is 1.1 billion. India’s urban population is 300 millions which are one tenth of the world’s urban population and one third of its own population. India ranks 3rd among the countries of the world in terms of urban population. The relationship between socio-economic development and urban development is intimate and works both ways. Urbanization promotes socio-economic changes and socio-economic development leads to urbanization. India is a developing nation with a consistently growing economy. Globalisation, liberalization and privatization have added to the growth potential. India has a rural-centric agricultural economy. Its 72 percent non-urban population lives in six lakhs villages. The majority of rural population lives in poverty. India’s development has benefited only a small percentage of population. Therefore, India requires socio-economic development, not just development. India’s urbanization is haphazard. It is due to demographic explosion and poverty induced rural to urban migration. It is occurring not only due to urban pull but also rural push. India’s urbanization is often termed over-urbanization and pseudo-urbanization. It is urbanization without dominant industrialization.
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