Khaki and Ethnic Violence in India: Armed Forces, Police and Paramilitary During Communal Riots

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Indias military, paramilitary and the police constitute one of the largest security forces around the globe. Who constitutes these forces? What is the ethnic and religious background of these troops? Has their composition of these forces mirror the diversity of Indian Society? Has their composition undergone any change since Independence? Independent India has experienced half a century of ethnic riots, massacres, even programs. What impact, if any, does the ethnic and religious composition of the security personnel have on the ability of the state to prevent the occurrence of ethnic violence or to migrate loss of lives and property once it occurs? Answers to these questions are critical not only for anyone interested I understanding the role of the states most direct instrument of legitimate coercion – the security forces – but for all those concerned with a democratic polity. Extensively discussed and reviewed in academics journals and popular media, this book has appeal for both scholars and concerned citizens. It contains a wealth of data and is indispensable for all those who want to understand contemporary South Asia. This is substantially enlarged, revised and updated edition of a book that has already become a classic.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR Omar Khalidi

Dr. Omar Khalidi is a staff member of the Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecutre, Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Mass. He was born and raised in Hyderabad, Deccan. Dr. Khalidi was educated at Wichita State University, BA (1980). He lived in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and worked at King Saud University in the 1980s, and then moved back to the United States to obtain an M.A. at Harvard University, 1991, then earned a PhD at University of Wales at Lampeter, Wales, UK, in 1994. He is the author of several books and articles on art and architecture, and on religious freedom at various forums and universities in the United States, Europe, the Middle East, Malaysia, India and Pakistan. His books include, An Indian Passage to Europe: The Travels of Mahdi Hasan Fath Nawaz Jang, 2005; the Hyderabad Residency: An Outpost of the Raj, 2005; Khaki and the Ethnic Violence in India, 2003; Indian Muslims Since Independence, 1996; Hyderabad: After the Fall, 1988, "Approaches to Mosque Design in North America," 1999; Romance of the Golconda Diamonds, 1999, "The Architecture and Campus Planning of Osmania University," 2003, and "American Architecture of Islamic Inspiration." 2004.